webexteamsbot

This package makes creating Webex Teams bots in Python super simple.

This package is based on the previous ciscosparkbot project. This version will both move to new Webex Teams branding as well as add new functionality. If you've used ciscosparkbot you will find this package very similar and familiar.

Prerequisites

If you don't already have a Webex Teams account, go ahead and register for one. They are free.

You'll need to start by adding your bot to the Webex Teams website.

https://developer.webex.com/my-apps
Click Create a New App
Click Create a Bot.
Fill out all the details about your bot. You'll need to set a name, username, icon (either upload one or choose a sample), and provide a description.
Click Add Bot.
On the Congratulations screen, make sure to copy the Bot's Access Token, you will need this in a second.

Installation

Python 3.6+ is recommended. Python 2.7 should also work.

Create a virtualenv and install the module

python3.6 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install webexteamsbot

Usage

The easiest way to use this module is to set a few environment variables

Note: See ngrok for details on setting up an easy HTTP tunnel for development.

export TEAMS_BOT_URL=https://mypublicsite.io
export TEAMS_BOT_TOKEN=<your bots token>
export TEAMS_BOT_EMAIL=<your bots email>
export TEAMS_BOT_APP_NAME=<your bots name>

A basic bot requires very little code to get going.

import os
from webexteamsbot import TeamsBot

# Retrieve required details from environment variables
bot_email = os.getenv("TEAMS_BOT_EMAIL")
teams_token = os.getenv("TEAMS_BOT_TOKEN")
bot_url = os.getenv("TEAMS_BOT_URL")
bot_app_name = os.getenv("TEAMS_BOT_APP_NAME")

# Create a Bot Object
bot = TeamsBot(
    bot_app_name,
    teams_bot_token=teams_token,
    teams_bot_url=bot_url,
    teams_bot_email=bot_email,
)


# A simple command that returns a basic string that will be sent as a reply
def do_something(incoming_msg):
    """
    Sample function to do some action.
    :param incoming_msg: The incoming message object from Teams
    :return: A text or markdown based reply
    """
    return "i did what you said - {}".format(incoming_msg.text)


# Add new commands to the box.
bot.add_command("/dosomething", "help for do something", do_something)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Run Bot
    bot.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=5000)

A sample script that shows more advanced bot features and customization is also provided in the repo.

Advanced Options

Changing the Help Message

Although "set_greeting" has existed for a while now, you may mostly like the internal greeting mechanism, but only want to change the help banner itself. You can do that with the "set_help_message" command like this:
```
bot.set_help_message("Welcome to the Super Cool Bot! You can use the following commands:\n")
```

Working with events other than created messages

By default, the bot will configure the webhook to listen for messages:created events. This behavior can be changed using the "webhook_resource" and "webhook_event" parameters. So, for example, if you wish for the bot to monitor any changes to a room's membership list, you would instanciate the bot like this:

# Create a Bot Object
bot = TeamsBot(
    bot_app_name,
    teams_bot_token=teams_token,
    teams_bot_url=bot_url,
    teams_bot_email=bot_email,
    webhook_resource="memberships",
    webhook_event="all",
)

You also need a way to catch anything other than "messages", which is the only thing handled entirely inside the bot framework. Continuing the example of monitoring for membership changes in a room, you would also need to add a "command" to catch the membership events. You would use the following to do so:

# check membership:all webhook to verify that person added to room (or otherwise modified) is allowed to be in the room 
def check_memberships(api, incoming_msg):
    wl_dom = os.getenv("WHITELIST_DOMAINS")
    if wl_dom.find("[") < 0:
        wl_dom = '["' + wl_dom + '"]'
        wl_dom = wl_dom.replace(",", '","')

    if wl_dom and incoming_msg["event"] != "deleted":
        pemail = incoming_msg["data"]["personEmail"]
        pid = incoming_msg["data"]["personId"]
        pdom = pemail.split("@")[1]
        plist = json.loads(wl_dom)
        print(pemail, pdom, plist)
        if pdom in plist or pemail == bot_email:
            # membership check succeeded
            return ""
        else:
            # membership check failed
            print("membership failed. deleting " + incoming_msg["data"]["id"])
            api.memberships.delete(incoming_msg["data"]["id"])
            api.messages.create(toPersonId=pid, markdown="You were automatically removed from the space because "
                                        "it is restricted to employees.")
            return "'" + pemail + "' was automatically removed from this space; it is restricted to only " \
                                    "internal users."

    return ""

###### 

bot.add_command('memberships', '*', check_memberships)

The first argument, "memberships", tells the bot to look for resources of the type "memberships", the second argument "*" instructs the bot that this is not something that should be included in the internal "help" command, and the third command is the function to execute to handle the membership creation.

The bot can also be configured to listen for multiple different events. So, for example, if you wish for the bot to monitor not only new messages in a room, but also any card actions in a room, you would instanciate the bot like this:

# Create a Bot Object
bot = TeamsBot(
    bot_app_name,
    teams_bot_token=teams_token,
    teams_bot_url=bot_url,
    teams_bot_email=bot_email,
    webhook_resource_event=[{"resource": "messages", "event": "created"},
                            {"resource": "attachmentActions", "event": "created"}]
)

Once again, You also need a way to catch anything other than "messages". Continuing the example of monitoring card actions, you would also need to add a "command" to catch the card actions. You would use the following to do so:

# API request to get card actions (not currently covered in webexteamssdk==1.2)
def get_attachment_actions(attachmentid):
    headers = {
        'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
        'authorization': 'Bearer ' + teams_token
    }

    url = 'https://api.ciscospark.com/v1/attachment/actions/' + attachmentid
    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    return response.json()

# check attachmentActions:created webhook to handle any card actions 
def handle_cards(api, incoming_msg):
    m = get_attachment_actions(incoming_msg["data"]["id"])
    print(m)
        
    return m["inputs"]

###### 

bot.add_command('attachmentActions', '*', handle_cards)

The first argument, "attachmentActions", tells the bot to look for resources of the type "attachmentActions", the second argument "*" instructs the bot that this is not something that should be included in the internal "help" command, and the third command is the function to execute to handle the card action.

Creating arbitrary HTTP Endpoints/URLs

You can also add a new path to Flask by using the "add_new_url" command. You can use this so that the bot can handle things other than Webex Teams Webhooks. For example, if you wanted to receive other webhooks to the "/webhooks" path, you would use this:
```
def handle_webhooks():
    try:
        webhook_event = json.loads(request.data.decode("UTF-8"))
    except:
        return ""
    netid = webhook_event["networkId"]
    print(netid)

###### 

bot.add_new_url("/webhooks", "webhooks", handle_webhooks)
```
The first argument, "/webhooks", represents the URL path to listen for, the second argument represents the Flask endpoint, and the third command is the function to execute to handle GET, PUT, or POST actions.

Limiting Who Can Interact with the Bot

By default the bot will reply to any Webex Teams user who talks with it. But you may want to setup a Bot that only talks to "approved users".
Start by creating a list of email addresses of your approved users.
```
approved_users = [
    "josmith@demo.local",
]
```

Now when creating the bot object, simply add the approved_users parameter.

bot = TeamsBot(
    bot_app_name,
    teams_bot_token=teams_token,
    teams_bot_url=bot_url,
    teams_bot_email=bot_email,
    approved_users=approved_users,
)

Now if a users NOT listed in the approved_users list attempts to communicate with the bot, the message will be ignored and a notification is logged.
```
Message from: hapresto@cisco.com
User: hapresto@cisco.com is not approved to interact with bot. Ignoring.
```

Deploy in Cisco Exchange Dev environment

If you run this project using Cisco Exchange Dev environment

Open a new terminal and run the command to get the external URL:

echo $DEVENV_APP_9082_URL

As output, you will see an external URL for the webhook

For example
https://app-9082-8093942179345178980.devenv-int.ap-ne-1.devnetcloud.com

Update your environment with this url

export TEAMS_BOT_URL=https://this.is.the.url.you.need

In VSCode DevEnv open file sample.py
At the bottom, in code bot.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=5000) change the port from 5000 to 9082
How it should look like: bot.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=9082)

Launch your bot

python sample.py

ngrok

ngrok will make easy for you to develop your code with a live bot.

You can find installation instructions here: https://ngrok.com/download

After you've installed ngrok, in another window start the service
```
ngrok http 5000
```

You should see a screen that looks like this:

ngrok by @inconshreveable                                                                                                                                 (Ctrl+C to quit)

Session Status                online
Version                       2.2.4
Region                        United States (us)
Web Interface                 http://127.0.0.1:4040
Forwarding                    http://this.is.the.url.you.need -> localhost:5000
Forwarding                    https://this.is.the.url.you.need -> localhost:5000

Connections                   ttl     opn     rt1     rt5     p50     p90
                              2       0       0.00    0.00    0.77    1.16

HTTP Requests
-------------

POST /                         200 OK

Make sure and update your environment with this url:

export TEAMS_BOT_URL=https://this.is.the.url.you.need

Now launch your bot!!
```
python sample.py
```

Local Development

If you have an idea for a feature you would like to see, we gladly accept pull requests. To get started developing, simply run the following..

git clone https://github.com/hpreston/webexteamsbot
cd webexteamsbot
pip install -r requirements_dev.txt
python setup.py develop

Linting

We use flake 8 to lint our code. Please keep the repository clean by running:

flake8

Testing

Tests are located in the tests directory.

To run the tests in the tests folder, you can run the following command
from the project root.

coverage run --source=webexteamsbot setup.py test
coverage html

This will generate a code coverage report in a directory called htmlcov

Credits

The initial packaging of the original ciscosparkbot project was done by Kevin Corbin.

This package was created with
Cookiecutter and the
audreyr/cookiecutter-pypackage
project template.